The Dunning–Kruger effect is a cognitive bias in which unskilled people make poor decisions and reach erroneous conclusions, but their incompetence denies them the metacognitive ability to recognize their mistakes. The unskilled therefore suffer from illusory superiority, rating their ability as above average, much higher than it actually is, while the highly skilled underrate their own abilities, suffering from illusory inferiority.
You don't even know enough to realise just how little you know.
- tend to overestimate their own level of skill
- fail to recognise genuine skill in others
- fail to recognise the extremity of their inadequacy
- recognise and acknowledge their own previous lack of skill, if they can be trained to substantially improve.
- Those who genuinely know their stuff are considerably modest, when compared to those who have a fraction of their experience and knowledge.
"One of the painful things about our time is that those who feel certainty are stupid, and those with any imagination and understanding are filled with doubt and indecision." - Bertrand Russell